细胞培养是细胞在受控条件下（通常在其自然环境之外）生长的过程。细胞培养中从活组织中分离出目标细胞后，可以将其随后保持在精心控制的条件下，这些条件因每种细胞类型而异，但通常由合适的容器组成，该容器带有可提供必需营养素（氨基酸，碳水化合物，维生素，矿物质），生长因子，激素和气体（CO 2，O 2）的底物或培养基，并且 调节理化环境（pH缓冲液，渗透压，温度）。 大多数细胞需要表面或人工底物（贴壁或单层培养），而其他细胞则可以在培养基中悬浮悬浮（悬浮培养）。 大多数细胞的寿命是由遗传决定的，但是一些细胞培养细胞已经“转化”为永生细胞，如果提供了最佳条件，它们将无限期繁殖。Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside their natural environment. After the cells of interest have been isolated from living tissue, they can subsequently be maintained under carefully controlled conditions. These conditions vary for each cell type, but generally consist of a suitable vessel with a substrate or medium that supplies the essential nutrients (amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals), growth factors, hormones, and gases (CO?, O?), and regulates the physio-chemical environment (pH buffer, osmotic pressure, temperature).